Ionizing radiation

Ionizing radiation (ionising radiation) consists of subatomic particles or electromagnetic waves that have sufficient energy to ionize atoms or molecules by detaching electrons from them. The particles generally travel at a speed that is greater than 1% of that of light, and the electromagnetic waves are on the high-energy portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.

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Total Publications

Lifetime

18,937

Prior Five Years

2,676

Total Citations

Lifetime

284,132

Prior Five Years

19,445

Total Scholars

Lifetime

30,884

Prior Five Years

21,028

Institutional Rankings

Global (Worldwide)

Academic Institutions Lifetime		Academic Institutions Prior Five Years		Non-academic Institutions Lifetime
#1	University of Chicago United States	#1	Tsinghua University China	#1	Medical Research Council United Kingdom
#2	Georgetown University United States	#2	University of Hawai'i at Manoa United States	#2	National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health United States
#3	Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey United States	#3	Nanjing Medical University China	#3	United States Department of Agriculture United States
#4	McMaster University Canada	#4	Czech Technical University in Prague Czechia	#4	Dana-Farber Cancer Institute United States
#5	University of Oxford United Kingdom	#5	Columbia University United States	#5	Agricultural Research Service United States
#6	Virginia Commonwealth University United States	#6	University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences United States	#6	Atomic Energy of Canada Limited
#7	Emory University United States	#7	Technical University of Munich Germany	#7	Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry Japan
#8	Cornell University United States	#8	National Technical University of Athens Greece	#8	German Cancer Research Center Germany
#9	Northwestern University United States	#9	National University of Singapore Singapore	#9	National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine Ukraine
#10	University of Michigan United States	#10	University of the West of England, Bristol United Kingdom	#10	National Institute of Standards and Technology United States
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National Institutional Rankings

Publications and Citation History

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Scholars based on Disciplines

Publications based on Fields

Scholars based on Fields

Highly Ranked Scholars™

Lifetime

Prior Five Years

Evaluation Period:

Highly Cited Publications

Lifetime