Substance dependence

Substance dependence, also known as drug dependence, is an adaptive state that develops from repeated drug administration, and which results in withdrawal upon cessation of drug use. A drug addiction, a distinct concept from substance dependence, is defined as compulsive, out-of-control drug use, despite negative consequences. but not dependence.

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Metrics Summary

Total Publications

Lifetime

17,602

Prior Five Years

3,697

Total Citations

Lifetime

368,878

Prior Five Years

37,569

Total Scholars

Lifetime

27,090

Prior Five Years

20,752

Institutional Rankings

Global (Worldwide)

Academic Institutions Lifetime		Academic Institutions Prior Five Years		Non-academic Institutions Lifetime
#1	Columbia University United States	#1	Columbia University United States	#1	National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health United States
#2	Johns Hopkins University United States	#2	Duke University United States	#2	National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health United States
#3	University of New South Wales Australia	#3	New York University United States	#3	Biomedical Research Institute United States
#4	Yale University United States	#4	University of Kentucky United States	#4	US Department of Veterans Affairs United States
#5	University of Kentucky United States	#5	University of New South Wales Australia	#5	Public Health Institute United States
#6	King's College London United Kingdom	#6	Johns Hopkins University United States	#6	Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Canada
#7	University of California, Los Angeles United States	#7	Washington University in St. Louis United States	#7	Kaiser Permanente United States
#8	Harvard University United States	#8	University of California, San Diego United States		Show More
#9	University of Vermont United States	#9	University of British Columbia Canada
#10	University of Pennsylvania United States	#10	Yale University United States
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National Institutional Rankings

Publications and Citation History

Publications based on Disciplines

Scholars based on Disciplines

Publications based on Fields

Scholars based on Fields

Highly Ranked Scholars™

Lifetime

Prior Five Years

Evaluation Period:

Highly Cited Publications

Lifetime